Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology could be a key pillar in achieving full decarbonisation of aluminium smelting, according to a new report from AFRY commissioned by the International Aluminium Institute (IAI).
The comprehensive study, which examines the technical and economic feasibility of retrofitting CCS technology to existing aluminium potlines, finds that whilst CCS is technically viable, significant policy support and the broadening of carbon pricing will be essential to make it economically attractive.
What are the key findings?
- CCS appears to be a technically feasible decarbonisation option for retrofitting to smelter potlines although further research is needed before widespread commercialisation can occur
- Broadening carbon pricing is a key driver for the CCS business case and breakeven CO2 prices of $180-$205/tCO2 are required for a representative smelter retrofit in the Middle East region
- Raising the CO₂ concentration in flue gas could reduce capture costs by 22-32% but creates additional technical challenges
- Opportunities for CCS on specific potlines will be region and site dependent creating an opportunity for well positioned smelters to be first movers in this field
Read the report here.
Collaboration needed for success
The report emphasises that successful deployment will require collaboration between carbon capture technology suppliers, aluminium producers, policymakers and infrastructure developers.
Key recommendations include:
- Enhanced collaboration between technology suppliers and aluminium smelters to optimise advancements in both CO₂ upgrading and waste heat recovery
- Continued investment in emerging capture techniques and waste heat recovery technologies
- Policy support through incentives, subsidies and carbon pricing mechanisms
- Development of CO₂ transport and storage infrastructure
